Road traffic in India. Some of the common offences and the consequent penalties

The Motor Vehicle Act (MVA) 1988, Central Motor Vehicle Rules, 1989 and State Motor Vehicle Rules are the legal instruments for the conduct of road traffic in India. Some of the common offences and the consequent penalties

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	Offences	MVA	Penalty
1.	Not carrying valid licence while driving	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
2.	Not carrying documents as required	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
3.	Dangerous Lane cutting	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
4.	Moving against One-Way	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
5.	Overtaking dangerously	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
6.	Jumping Signal (driving at red light)	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
7.	Driving on Footpath	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
8.	Stopping at Pedestrian Crossing or Crossing Stop Line	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
9.	Parking Violations	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
10.	Horn offences	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
11.	Number Plate Offences	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
12.	Improper use of Headlights	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
13.	Charging Excess Fare	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
14.	Misbehavior with Passenger	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
15.	Refusal to ply for Hire	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
16.	Breach of rules regarding carriage of hazardous goods	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
17.	Using Mobile Phones while driving	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
18.	Driving without Helmet	177	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 100; Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 300
19.	Breach of order, refusal to give information	179	Fine up to Rs 500 or Imprisonment up to 1 month or both.
20.	Allowing the vehicle to be driven by a person who does not possess a valid licence	180	Fine up to Rs 1000 or Imprisonment up to 3 months or both.
21.	Driving without valid licence	181	Fine up to Rs 500 or Imprisonment up to 3 months or both.
22.	Offences related to driving license	182	Fine up to Rs 500 or Imprisonment up to 3 months or both.
23.	Lack of proper maintenance and structure of vehicle	182(A)	First Offence: Rs. 1000; Subsequent Offence: Rs. 5000
24.	Driving at a speed exceeding as mentioned in MVA:112	183	First Offence: Rs. 400; Subsequent Offence: Rs. 1000.
25.	Dangerous or Reckless Driving	184	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 1000 or Imprisonment up to 6 months or both. Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 2000 or Imprisonment up to 2 yrs or both.
26.	Driving under influence of Drugs or Alcohols	185	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 2000 or Imprisonment up to 6 months or both. Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 3000 or Imprisonment up to 2 yrs or both.
27.	Accidental Offences	187	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 500 or Imprisonment up to 3 months or both. Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 1000 or Imprisonment up to 6 months or both
28.	Illegal racing on road	189	Fine up to Rs 500 or Imprisonment up to 1 month or both.
29.	Using vehicle in Unsafe conditions	190	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 250. Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 1000 or Imprisonment up to 2 yrs or both.
30.	Using Loudspeaker beyond specified limit	190(2)	First Offence: Rs. 1000; Subsequent Offence: Rs. 2000.
31.	Carriage of goods which are of dangerous & hazardous nature to human life	190(3)	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 3000 or Imprisonment up to 1 year or both. Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 5000 or Imprisonment up to 1 years or both.
32.	Driving without Registration and valid Permit	192	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 5000 (not less than Rs. 2000) or Imprisonment up to 3 months or both. Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 10000 (not less than Rs. 5000) or Imprisonment up to 1 yr or both.
33.	Driving without valid Fitness Certificate	192	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 5000 (not less than Rs. 2000) or Imprisonment up to 3 months or both. Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 10000 (not less than Rs. 5000) or Imprisonment up to 1 yr or both.
34.	Using Private vehicle for Commercial purposes	192	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 5000 (not less than Rs. 2000) or Imprisonment up to 3 months or both. Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 10000 (not less than Rs. 5000) or Imprisonment up to 1 yr or both.
35.	Breach of Permit conditions	192	First Offence: Fine up to Rs. 5000 (not less than Rs. 2000) or Imprisonment up to 3 months or both. Subsequent Offence: Fine up to Rs. 10000 (not less than Rs. 5000) or Imprisonment up to 1 yr or both.
36.	Overloading a vehicle beyond extent limit	194	Fine up to Rs 2000 and Rs. 1000 per tonne of extra load.
37.	Driving without Insurance	196	Fine up to Rs 1000 or Imprisonment up to 3 months or both.
38.	Driving of vehicle without legal authority	197	Fine up to Rs 500 or Imprisonment up to 3 months or both.
39.	Disturbance in free flow of traffic	201	Fine up to Rs 50 per hour.